140-01 140-03  

RAMESSES II  ~1280

Ramesses II was the third Egyptian pharaoh of the Nineteenth dynasty. He is often regarded as Egypt's greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh. His successors and later Egyptians called him the "Great Ancestor" .

He was born around 1303 BC and at age fourteen, Ramesses was appointed Prince Regent by his father Seti I. He is believed to have taken the throne in his early 20s and to have ruled Egypt from 1279 BC to 1213 BC for a total of 66 years and 2 months, according to Manetho. He was once said to have lived to be 99 years old, but it is more likely that he died in his 90th or 91st year. If he became Pharaoh in 1279 BC as most Egyptologists today believe, he would have assumed his throne on May 31, 1279 BC, based on his known accession date of III Shemu day 27. Ramesses II celebrated an unprecedented 14 sed festivals during his reign—more than any other pharaoh. On his death, he was buried in a tomb in the Valley of the Kings; his body was later moved to a royal cache where it was discovered in 1881, and is now on display in the Cairo Museum. (click to see all the article on Wikipedia)

 

拉美西斯二世  ~西元前132十年

拉美西斯二世是埃及第十九王朝的第三位法老。他常被認為是埃及最偉大,最有名,也最強大的法老。他的繼任者及後人均稱他為偉大的先祖

他出生於西元前1303年,在十四歲時被其父親塞提一世任命為攝政王。根據曼涅托(希臘文寫成的埃及史),他被認為於廿歲出頭時掌握了權力,並且於西元前1279年到1213年統治埃及,共66年又2個月。他曾說過要活到99歲,但可能只活到9091歲。根據他為人知的登基日施姆季(收割季)第三期第27日,眾埃及學家相信,如果他在西元前1279年成為法老,那他便是在西元前1279年五月卅一日掌握了權力。拉美西斯二世慶祝過史無前例的14次塞德節,遠超過其他法老。(譯註:第一次塞德節是法老執政卅年而慶祝,之後每三年再慶祝一次)

他去世後,被埋葬於國王谷的墳墓中,在西元1881年當墳墓被發現時,他的遺體轉移到皇室成員暫存區,目前則於開羅博物館展出。

(維基連結:拉美西斯二世)

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